Plot Analysis
In telling the story of a fatally indecisive character¡¯s inability to choose the proper course to avenge his father¡¯s death, ¡°Hamlet¡± explores questions of fate versus free will, whether it is better to act decisively or let nature take its course, and ultimately if anything we do in our time on earth makes any difference. Once he learns his uncle has killed his father, Hamlet feels duty-bound to take decisive action, but he has so many doubts about his situation and even about his own feelings that he cannot decide what action to take.
The conflict that drives the plot of ¡°Hamlet¡± is almost entirely internal: Hamlet wrestles with his own doubt and uncertainty in search of something he believes strongly enough to act on. The play¡¯s events are side-effects of this internal struggle. Hamlet¡¯s attempts to gather more evidence of Claudius¡¯s guilt alert Claudius to Hamlet¡¯s suspicions, and as Hamlet¡¯s internal struggle deepens, he begins to act impulsively out of frustration, eventually murdering Polonius by mistake. The conflict of Hamlet is never resolved: Hamlet cannot finally decide what to believe or what action to take. This lack of resolution makes the ending of ¡°Hamlet¡± especially horrifying: nearly all the characters are dead, but nothing has been solved.
The play¡¯s exposition shows us that Hamlet is in the midst of three crises: his nation is under attack, his family is falling apart, and he feels deeply unhappy. The Ghost of the old king of Denmark appears on the castle battlements, and the soldiers who see it believe it must be a bad omen for the kingdom. They discuss the preparations being made against the threat from the Norwegian prince, Fortinbras.
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