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FREEDOM ±³¾ç¿µ¾î(153) Hamlet

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  The next scene deepens our sense that Denmark is in political crisis, as Claudius prepares a diplomatic strategy to divert the threat from Fortinbras. We also learn that as far as Hamlet is concerned, his family is in crisis: his father is dead and his mother has married someone Hamlet disapproves of. Hamlet is also experiencing an internal crisis. Gertrude and Claudius are worried about his mood, and in his first soliloquy we discover that he feels suicidal: ¡°O that this too, too sullied flesh would melt¡± (I.ii.).
  
  The three crises of the play¡¯s opening—in the kingdom, in Hamlet¡¯s family, and in Hamlet¡¯s mind—lay the groundwork for the play¡¯s inciting incident: the Ghost¡¯s demand that Hamlet avenge his father¡¯s death. Hamlet accepts at once that it is his duty to take revenge, and the audience can also see that Hamlet¡¯s revenge would go some way to resolving the play¡¯s three crises. By killing Claudius, Hamlet could in one stroke remove a weak and immoral king, extract his mother from what he sees as a bad marriage, and make himself king of Denmark. Throughout the inciting incident, however, there are hints that Hamlet¡¯s revenge will be derailed by an internal struggle. The Ghost warns him: ¡°Taint not thy mind nor let thy soul contrive/Against thy mother aught¡± (I.v.). When Horatio and Marcellus catch up to Hamlet after the Ghost¡¯s departure, Hamlet is already talking in such a deranged way that Horatio describes it as 'wild and whirling' (I.v.), and Hamlet tells them that he may fake an 'antic disposition' (I.v.). The audience understands that the coming conflict will not be between Hamlet and Claudius but between Hamlet and his own mind.
  
  ´ÙÀ½ ÀåÀº Claudius°¡ FortinbrasÀÇ À§ÇùÀ» ´Ù¸¥ µ¥·Î ÀüȯÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¿Ü±³Àû Àü·«À» ÁغñÇϸ鼭, µ§¸¶Å©´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû À§±â¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ´À³¦À» ½ÉÈ­½ÃŲ´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¶ÇÇÑ Hamlet¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ ±×ÀÇ °¡Á·ÀÌ À§±â¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°Ô µÈ´Ù: ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â Á×¾î ÀÖ°í ±×ÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï´Â HamletÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷°ú °áÈ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù. HamletÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ³»Àû À§±âµµ °æÇèÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Gertrude¿Í Claudius´Â ±×ÀÇ ½É±â(mood)¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ °ÆÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í ±×¸®°í ±×ÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° µ¶¹é¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ±×°¡ ÀÚ»ìÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ´À³¤´Ù:¡°¾Æ, ÀÌ ³Ê¹«³ª ´õ·¯¿î ¸ö¶×ÀÌ ³ì°í ³ì¾Æ¼­.¡±
  
  ±ØÀÇ ¼­¸·ÀÇ ¼¼ À§±â´Â¡ª³ª¶óÀÇ, Hamlet °¡Á·ÀÇ, Hamlet ¸¶À½ÀÇ¡ª±ØÀÇ ¼±µ¿ÀûÀÎ »ç°ÇÀÇ Åä´ë¸¦ ³õ¾Ò´Ù: HamletÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ Á×À½¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ º¹¼ö¸¦ ÇØ¾ß µÈ´Ù´Â À¯·ÉÀÇ ¸í·É. HamletÀº º¹¼öÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×ÀÇ Àǹ«¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» Áï°¢ ¼ö¿ëÇÏ°í °üÁßµµ HamletÀÇ º¹¼ö´Â ±ØÀÇ ¼¼ °¡Áö À§±â¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾È´Ù. Claudius¸¦ Á×ÀÓ¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ HamletÀº ÀÏ°Ý¿¡ ¾àÇÏ°í ºÎµµ´öÇÑ ¿ÕÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ±×°¡ ³ª»Û °áÈ¥À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ »Ì¾Æ¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ÀÚ½ÅÀ» µ§¸¶Å©ÀÇ ¿ÕÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±× °Ýµ¿ÀûÀÎ »ç°Ç Àüü¸¦ ÅëÇؼ­ HamletÀÇ º¹¼ö´Â ³»ÀûÀÎ ÅõÀï¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ Å»¼±µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ¾Ï½Ã°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À¯·ÉÀº ±×¿¡°Ô °æ°íÇÑ´Ù: ¡°¸¶À½ÀÌ Èå·ÁÁ®(taint) ³ÊÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ ÇØÄ¡´Â ÀÏÀº ¸»¾Æ´Ù¿À.¡± À¯·ÉÀÌ ¶°³­ µÚ¿¡ Horatio¿Í Marcellus°¡ ÂѾƿÔÀ» ¶§ HamletÀº ÀÌ¹Ì Á¤½ÅÀÌ ÈåÆ®·¯Áø »óÅ¿¡¼­ ¸»ÇÏ°í À־ Horatio´Â ±×°Í(HamletÀÇ ¸»)À» 'µµ¹«Áö ÇãȲµÈ' °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹¦»çÇÏ°í HamletÀº ±×µé¿¡°Ô °¡Â¥·Î 'ÀÌ»ó¾ß¸©ÇÑ Çൿ'À» ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. °üÁßÀº ´Ù°¡¿À´Â °¥µîÀº Hamlet°ú Claudius »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í Hamlet°ú ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½ »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
  
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  HamletÀÌ ãê¿¡°Ô ±âµµÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿Õ(Claudius)À» Á×ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀº ÈûÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¿ÕÀÌ ãê¿¡°Ô ¾Ö¿øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ 'º¹¼ö´Â ãêÀÇ ¼Ò°ü'À̶ó°í »ý°¢Çϰųª °úµµÇÏ°íµµ ¹«ÀÚºñÇÑ º¹¼ö½É ¶§¹®µµ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. HamletÀÌ ±âµµÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿ÕÀ» »ì·Á ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀº ÇàÀ§¿Í ÀÀ¡ÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ À§Çؼ­ÀÌ´Ù. ÂüȸÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¿ÕÀ» Á×ÀÌ¸é ±×´Â Ãµ±¹À¸·Î °¥ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ¿ÕÀº ¾ÇÀÇ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÀºÐÀÇ ¹úÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Hamlet¿¡°Ô´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀº Á¤ÀÇ°¡ µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ÁËÀÇ Çൿ¿¡ ºÎÀÀÇÏ´Â Çü¹úÀ» °¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Àý´ëÀûÀÎ Á¤ÀÇÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ·± ¿Ïº®ÇÑ Á¤ÀǸ¸ÀÌ Á˾ÇÀ¸·Î º´µç »çȸ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ³ë¿Í Çø¿À·Î °íÅë ¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Â HamletÀÇ ¿µÈ¥¿¡ À§·Î¿Í Æò¾ÈÀ» °¡Á®¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª HamletÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô±îÁö öÀúÇÑ Á¤ÀǸ¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
  
  ±×¸®°í Hamlet ¿ÜÀÇ ±× ´©±¸µµ ÀÌ·± Àý´ëÀû Á¤ÀǸ¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. HamletÀº ¿Ïº®ÀÇ È­½ÅÀ¸·Î¼­ ãêÀÇ ÀÇÁö¸¦ ´ëÇàÇÏ·Á°í ½ÃµµÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. HamletÀº ±×°¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ºñ±ØÀû ¿µ¿õÀÇ Æ¯¼º¡ªÂù¶õÇÏ°Ô ºû³ª´Â Àý´ëÀû Áø¸®ÀÇ Ãß±¸¡ªÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇÑ Àΰ£À̶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¸Á°¢ÇÏ°í ¿Ïº®À» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Ù°¡ ÀÚ¸¸ÀÇ µ£¿¡ °É·Á Àü¶ôÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àý´ë¼º¿¡ »ç·ÎÀâÇô ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ»óÁÖÀÇÀÚ°¡ µÇ°í ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µµ´öÀû ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó ÇൿÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÆйèÇÏ´Â µµ´öÀû Àý´ëÁÖÀÇÀÇ Èñ»ýÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â Á¤ÀǶó´Â Á¦´Ü¿¡ ¹ÙÃÄÁø Èñ»ý¾çÀÌ´Ù.(°è¼Ó)
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