Irrational Impeachment Motion is Lamentable!
The latest impeachment motion targeting President Park Geun-hye cannot be viewed at face value. The motion is simply another method of deposing the president after she refused to concede to demands by an angry media, opposition politicians and the public following revelations of corruption involving her close confidante. It may appear to be an impeachment motion, but the move is actually a manifestation of a public uprising.

Kim Pyung-woo     ÇÊÀÚÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±â»çº¸±â 

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If the National Assembly passes the impeachment bill, the ball will be thrown into the Constitutional Court. In other words, a trial will begin. The trial is a judicial proceeding and cannot be handled secretly and hurriedly like the National Assembly did. Months of tedious legal wrangling will take place. But will the Korean public, which has tasted revolution, be able to watch the process patiently on the sidelines? They will surely hit the streets to hold candle-light protests and petition drives aiming to pressure Constitutional Court judges who weigh the impeachment bill. What is even more worrisome is whether the angered public will be willing to accept a ruling by the Constitutional Court rejecting the impeachment bill. What will happen if the public does not accept the court¡¯s ruling? Martial law or a bloody revolution?

By Kim Pyung-woo(former president of the Korean Bar Association)

The irrational impeachment motion is simply lamentable! Although it may seem to be an impeachment motion on the surface, it is actually a public uprising in disguise, according to Kim Pyung-woo, the former president of the Korean Bar Association. The National Assembly votes on the impeachment motion on Friday. If the bill is passed, Korea will end up leaving a number of shameful records in history.

First, an impeachment motion is an undemocratic measure through which the National Assembly can oust a president chosen by voters. It is a political anomaly that happens maybe once every century. But our lawmakers are about to set a new record by seeking to impeach our leader twice in the span of just 12 years. That last time our lawmakers sought to impeach a president was Roh Moo-hyun back in 2004. Second, since the founding of the Republic of Korea in 1948, two out of 11 presidents have faced impeachment. This is the highest level along with the United States. The United States, which created the presidential impeachment system, actually turned to the measure twice in its 240-year history: on former presidents Andrew Jackson and Bill Clinton. Third, if the latest impeachment bill is added, Korea will have seen eight of its 11 presidents face harsh endings. Three resigned (Syngman Rhee, Yoo Bo-seon, Choi Kyu-hah), one was assassinated (Park Chung-hee), one committed suicide (Roh Moo-hyun), two were arrested (Chun Doo-hwan, Roh Tae-woo) and two faced impeachment (Roh Moo-hyun, Park Geun-hye). This probably sets the world¡¯s record in terms of the level of risk faced by incumbent presidents. Fourth, the latest impeachment motion was pursued shortly after an independent counsel was appointed to investigate the massive influence-peddling and corruption scandal involving the president and her longtime confidante, Choi Soon-sil. The independent counsel has yet to even announce his preliminary findings.

Then why did we even bother to appoint an independent counsel? Is there no other option for the National Assembly than a rushed impeachment motion? Fifth, discussions to seek an impeachment motion were held secretly behind closed doors. If this process is compared to a criminal investigation, it can be described as a clandestine probe. An impeachment is the process of driving out a democratically-elected president and a move to overturn the decision of the public. As a result, it is markedly different than an ordinary criminal investigation. The discussions held by lawmakers must be revealed to the public. Discussions held behind closed doors are the same as a closed-door trial. In the United States, the news media offers minute-by-minute coverage of the impeachment proceedings so that the public can voice its opinion to lawmakers ahead of time. Sixth, major street protests seeking the ouster of a country¡¯s leader triggered by revelations of corruption involving a president are commonly seen in Third World dictatorships (the public uprisings in the Philippines and the Middle East). People in such countries take to the streets waving protest banners, because opposition political parties are too weak to keep the leader in check.

But Korea adopted a single-term presidential system in 1987, which did away with dictators. Moreover, the opposition political camp swept general elections held in April of this year and the president is heading into her final year in office. Yet opposition lawmakers are seeking to have the lame-duck president face a criminal investigation by an independent counsel and are triggering the public to take to the streets seeking her impeachment. This is an unprecedented phenomenon in global history. Seventh, people who have worked with a president for many years usually stand by his or her side when that leader faces impeachment. The Uri Party gathered steadfastly around former president Roh when he faced impeachment. But this time, a large number of ruling Saenuri Party lawmakers have actually hopped on the impeachment bandwagon. This is tantamount to desertion and treason in the military during a surprise attack. Such acts of betrayal attest to the level of political ethics to which our lawmakers adhere.

The latest impeachment cannot be referred to as an impeachment. It is simply a second option stemming from the rage felt by the press, opposition lawmakers and the public triggered by the president¡¯s refusal to step down following revelations by the news media two months ago of corruption and influence-peddling involving the president¡¯s close confidante. The process is taking the form of an impeachment proceeding, but it is actually a public uprising. Since adopting a single, five-year presidential term system in 1987, Koreans have democratically elected their leaders and the country was considered as an advanced Asian nation where democracy has firmly taken root. But if the latest incident will be recorded as an odd country where constitutional order broke down in the face of a public uprising. Nevertheless, if the National Assembly votes in favor of impeachment, the ball will be thrown into the Constitutional Court. In other words, a trial will commence. The trial is a judicial proceeding and cannot be handled secretly and hurriedly like the National Assembly did. Months of tedious legal wrangling will take place.

But will the Korean public, which has tasted revolution, be able to watch the process patiently on the sidelines?  They will surely hit the streets to hold candle-light protests and petition drives aiming to pressure Constitutional Court judges who weigh the impeachment bill. What is even more worrisome is whether the angered public will be willing to accept a ruling by the Constitutional Court rejecting the impeachment bill. What will happen if the public does not accept the court¡¯s ruling? Martial law or a bloody revolution? Will history repeat itself? The situation facing our country is lamentable. But can the news media and public set their emotions aside and calmly and objectively evaluate the situation which involves corruption involving a close confidante, and judge the president¡¯s actions at the voting booths in December of next year? Is it right to handle such a common problem through a public uprising? The actions of an irresponsible news media, irresponsible politicians and irresponsible protesters are lamentable. Rather, prominent officials in our country, who are watching this event on the sidelines, are lamentable. Is this all we are capable of doing?

(Kim Pyung-woo is an attorney in Korea and the U.S., former president of the Korean Bar Association, and a visiting scholar at UCLA since 2012)


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2016. 12. 6. ±èÆò¿ì

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Ãâó : Translated by Simon Lim
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