Korea¡¯s System of Truth and Confidence is Crumbling!
Right now in Korea, lies are being turned into the truth, while the truth is being covered by darkness. The nation is falling victim to the kind of insanity seen in North Korea. This is why I cannot stop contributing my writings to Chogabje.com.

Kim Pyung-woo     ÇÊÀÚÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±â»çº¸±â 

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by Kim Pyung-woo (Attorney and Former Head of Korea Bar Association)

I was asked by an interviewer on a recent radio program, ¡°You wrote a piece for Chogabje.com recently that President Park was not guilty of any violations of the Constitution. Is that right?¡± I said, ¡°Yes.¡± And the next question was, ¡°Then did the National Assembly make a mistake?¡± Again I said, ¡°Yes.¡± Then the interviewer commented, ¡°You are the first and only person who has claimed that the president did not violate the Constitution.¡± The interviewer was not asking me, but simply confirming a point. I said, ¡°I¡¯m not sure, but I think so.¡± The interviewer could not believe my view and implied that I was wrong. No the interviewer sounded confident that I was wrong.
 
I had no choice but to argue my case. The argument I used was the theory of legal systems. To the lay person, the law may appear to consist of tens of thousands of disjointed pieces of regulations, but they all comprise a large pyramid-shaped system and understanding this system makes it easy to understand the concept of law. In other words, hundreds and thousands of laws stem from these set principles and countless rulings are made by courts based on them. Under this theory, all of the laws converge under the constitution.
 
This is the so-called ¡°Pure Theory of Law¡± proposed by Austrian jurist and legal philosopher, Hans Kelsen. Any student of constitutional law should know Kelsen. He is the legal equivalent of Pythagoras to Geometry.
 
Let's take a traffic ticket, for example. Traffic rules, such as signal violations or speed violations, appear to be based only on traffic rules when a police officer issues a ticket. However, traffic rules are based on the laws drawn up by the National Assembly, which is called the Traffic Safety Act, and this traffic safety law is based on the constitutional principle of the rule of law. If the traffic rules violate the traffic safety law, the traffic rules become null and void. In addition, if the traffic safety law violates the principle of the rule of law of the Constitution, it becomes null and void as well. The same is true for criminal law. The criminal law that punishes public officials for bribery is also based on the principle that the civil servant serves the public (otherwise, ludicrous sophistry may be used, viewing a bribe as a form of private contract). Thus, all dispositions, rules, and laws are ultimately based on the Constitution.
 
Let's take an example. The president received a speeding ticket from the police officer and she gave her busy schedule as an excuse for driving too fast. And let¡¯s assume that the president gave another W100,000 on top of her speeding fine. And let¡¯s assume that the traffic cop apologized for failing to recognize the president and received the W100,000, since he did not dare turn down the president¡¯s offer. (Such episodes actually occurred in foreign countries.)
 
According to the logic of the National Assembly which submitted the impeachment proposal, the president has been accused of major violations, including coercion, abuse of authority and bribery as well as abuses of the constitutional principles of sovereignty, the constitutional principles of the rule of law, the equality provisions of the constitution, and the constitutional principles governing public servants simply for a mere speeding violation. Opposition lawmakers claim that there is enough reason to impeach the president.
 
I am not exaggerating anything. Take a look at the impeachment bill submitted by the National Assembly to the Constitutional Court on December 9, 2016. The president is guilty of 12 constitutional violations, including rule of law and equal rights. Most of the constitutional violations involve conspiring with Choi Soon-sil to allegedly commit illegal acts. It is unclear which legal violations constitute violations of the Constitution. In short, the National Assembly is completely confused about the violation of the Constitution and the law. If the rationale for impeachment are legal offenses that overlap with violations of the Constitution, there would be no need to distinguish between legal and constitutional violations as stipulated in Article 65 of the Constitution.
 
I repeat that constitutional and legal violations are not the same. Violations of the Constitution refer to the violation of the constitutional system, which is an unconstitutional act that attacks and denies the constitutional principle or system itself. Let¡¯s assume for example, the claim being made by some of the opposition parties that the impeachment trial at the Constitutional Court is not necessary, because the nation is now undergoing a revolution. Let¡¯s also assume that they demanded the president to step down immediately. If a person who is making such allegations is a civil servant, such as a president or a minister subject to impeachment, the comment would be a violation of the constitution by denying or attacking the impeachment system of the Constitution that the Constitutional Court is entitled to handle. Therefore, such comments would be a reason for impeachment.
 
A good example is former president Roh Moo-hyun. His comments claiming he cannot do his job or calling for a referendum on his leadership, which is not stipulated in the Constitution, can be construed as either a denial or attack against the very Constitution the president is supposed to protect and uphold and would constitute grounds for impeachment. And that is why he faced impeachment. And the Constitutional Court actually recognized Roh¡¯s violation of the Constitution (although the impeachment bill was rejected on the grounds that the violations were not grave enough to warrant impeachment).
 
I am not just trying to explain the difference between a legal and constitutional violation. I am trying to explain that the basic credibility of our national system has collapsed.  The general public mistakenly perceives lawmakers as legal experts or believes that lawmakers at least understand the Constitution, because they deal with the law every day. I believe that the National Assembly could not forcibly impeach the president by erroneously insisting that a violation of the Constitution has occurred, because the impeachment is accompanied by a thorough review by legal experts. I believe that the major daily newspapers, which were founded a century ago (except for JoongAngIlbo) or state-run broadcaster KBS would support impeachment for a valid reason. And that is why 80% of the public did not read the impeachment proposal prepared by the National Assembly yet supported and approved the measure.
 
A close acquaintance told me that if more than two thirds of the National Assembly supported impeaching the president, there must have been a valid reason. Moreover, he said there must be a really good reason if a large number of lawmakers in the president¡¯s political party supported impeachment.
 
That would make sense in a normal country. In fact, 90 percent of the public believes the National Assembly would not be capable of making such a ludicrous error. And this trust allows our society and nation to function. If not, everyone would take their money out of bank deposits and stash them away at home. But this system is flawed in an abnormal country. Good examples are North Korea, the former Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.
 
Let¡¯s take a look at North Korea. There is no truth in the North. The only truth comes from Kim Jong-eun. If Kim says 'Our country is the happiest paradise on earth,' then all of the North's state-run media echo his sentiments and scholars try to use all kinds of statistics and theories to prove that claim. North Korean media features interviews of abducted foreigners and make them say that the North is the happiest country in the world and that they intend to stay in the reclusive state. No North Korean dares voice skepticism over what the abductees are saying as can be seen by the confident expressions seen on the faces of the state-run TV announcers, scholars and other officials.
 
There is no individual powerful enough to defeat the deceptive state-run propaganda machine. Nobody dares say anything countering the official state line due to fear of death. That is how a blatant lie becomes the absolute truth in an abnormal country like North Korea. Anything view contrary to the official line is buried underground. Even skeptics end up becoming believers if they are told the same lies over and over again on the news. One person's ardent belief becomes the belief of hundreds and thousands of people and the intensity of that conviction gains momentum as it spreads, growing stronger and stronger. And finally, the conviction of the masses becomes as solid as steel. Nobody can shatter it any longer, unless an outside force intervenes and exposes the bare truth.
 
Unfortunately, this is what is happening in South Korea. More than two thirds of lawmakers took just one day to pass the presidential impeachment bill, under the flawed belief that the Constitution had been violated by our leader, even though no such thing ever happened. The major dailies -- ChosunIlbo, JoongAngIlbo and Dong-A Ilbo -- and major broadcasters all report that the Constitution had been violated. Civic groups, including lawyers' groups, issue statements supporting the impeachment. And after this continues for months, 90 percent of the public ends up believing it. It is clear that none of these people bothered to closely read the impeachment bill the National Assembly submitted to the Constitutional Court. They probably did not read any of my writings. Only a small handful of news media, including Chogabje.com and social media of a few individuals dare to tell the truth. Hundreds of thousands of people gather in downtown Seoul every Saturday waving flags and opposing the impeachment. But this is completely overlooked by the biased leftwing news media and 90 percent of the public does not know about it.
 
It is so sad. The mechanism of delivering the truth in Korea is breaking down. Lies become truth, while the truth ends up getting buried. The system of confidence and trust based on the truth is being destroyed. Our society is becoming abnormal like North Korea. This is why I cannot stop writing for Chogabje.com
 
Jan. 15, 2017


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(2017.1.15)

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