Àç»ê±ÇÀÇ ¹ÚÅ», ÆиÁÀÇ Áö¸§±æ
FREEDOM ±³¾ç¿µ¾î (32) Why Nations Fail-XIII

ÚÓã¯éÄ     ÇÊÀÚÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±â»çº¸±â 

  • ½ºÅ©·¦Çϱâ
  • ±â»ç¸ñ·Ï
  • À̸ÞÀϺ¸³»±â
  • ÇÁ¸°Æ®Çϱâ
  • ±ÛÀÚ ÀÛ°Ô Çϱâ
  • ±ÛÀÚ Å©°Ô Çϱâ

The real reason that the Kongolese did not adopt superior technology was because they lacked any incentives to do so. They faced a high risk of all their output being expropriated and taxed by the all-powerful king, whether or not he had converted to Catholicism. In fact, it wasn't only their property that was insecure. Their continued existence was held by a thread. Many of them were captured and sold as slaves¡ªhardly the environment to encourage investment to increase long-term productivity. Neither did the king have incentives to adopt the plow on a large scale or to make increasing agricultural productivity his main priority; exporting slaves was so much more profitable.

 

It might be true today that Africans trust each other less than people in other parts of the world. But this is an outcome of a long history of institutions which have undermined human and property rights in Africa. The potential to be captured and sold as a slave no doubt influenced the extent to which Africans trusted others historically.

 

Äá°íÀεéÀÌ ¿ì¿ùÇÑ ±â¼úÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ÁøÂ¥ ÀÌÀ¯´Â ±×µé¿¡°Ô´Â ±×·¸°Ô ÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ Àμ¾Æ¼ºê°¡ ÀüÇô ¾ø¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±×µéÀÌ °¡Å縯À¸·Î °³Á¾Çßµç ¾ÈÇßµç Àü´ÉÇÑ ¿ÕÀÌ »ý»ê¹°À» ¡¹ßÇϰųª ¼¼±ÝÀ¸·Î °ÅµÎ¾î °¥ ³ôÀº À§Çè¿¡ óÇØ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î ºÒ¾ÈÀüÇÑ °ÍÀº ±×µéÀÇ Àç»ê¸¸ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ Áö¼ÓµÇ´Â ¸ñ¼ûÀº °Ü¿ì À¯ÁöµÇ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×µé ÁßÀÇ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Ã¼Æ÷µÇ¾î ³ë¿¹·Î ÆÈ·È´Ù¡ªÀÌ°ÍÀº Àå±âÀû »ý»ê¼º Áõ´ë¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÅõÀÚ¸¦ ±ÇÀåÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ È¯°æÀÌ °ÅÀÇ µÇÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¹¿ÕÀº ³ó±â±¸¸¦ ´ë±Ô¸ð·Î µµÀÔÇϰųª ³ó¾÷»ý»ê¼º Áõ°¡¸¦ ¿ì¼±¼øÀ§·Î ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ³ë¿¹ ¼öÃâÀÌ ÈξÀ ´õ À̵æÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.


¿À´Ã³¯ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀεéÀÌ ¼¼°èÀÇ ¿©Å¸ Áö¿ª »ç¶÷µé º¸´Ù ¼­·Î¸¦ ´ú ½Å·ÚÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº »ç½ÇÀÏÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼­ ÀαÇÀ̳ª Àç»ê±ÇÀ» ºØ±«½ÃÄÑ¿Â ¿ª»çÀû Á¦µµÀÇ °á°úÀÌ´Ù. »ç·ÎÀâÇô¼­ ³ë¿¹·Î ÆÈ·Á°¥ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷À» ½Å·ÚÇÏ´Â Á¤µµ¿¡ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¹Ù ¾øÀÌ ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢ÃÆ´Ù.



* Çؼ³:

¡°±¹ºÎ·Ð¡±ÀÇ Adam Smith´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ³²ºÎ ³óÀåÁÖµéÀÌ ÈæÀγ뿹 ´ë½Å ÀÓ±Ý ³ëµ¿ÀÚ¸¦ °í¿ëÇÏ¸é »ý»ê¼ºÀÌ ÈξÀ ´õ ³ô¾ÆÁú °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ë¿¹µéÀº ÁýÀ̵ç ÅäÁöÀ̵ç Àç»ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Æ¹«·± ¼ÒÀ¯±ÇÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î ÀڽĿ¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼ÒÀ¯±Çµµ ¾ø´Ù. ¶§¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñ¼ûµµ Á¦ °ÍÀÌ µÇÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯´Ï À̵éÀÌ ¾Æ¹«·± À̵浵 ¾ø´Â µ¥ ÁÖÀÎÀ» À§Çؼ­ ÀÏÀ» ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀ¸·Î ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÇÒ ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ´õ±¸³ª âÀÇÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±â´ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ³ë·ÂÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ ¸ðµÎ ¼öÅ»´çÇÏ´Â µ¥ ´©°¡ ÀÏÇÒ ¸¶À½ÀÌ »ý±â°Ú´Â°¡?


Àΰ£Àº ³ë·ÂÀÇ °á°ú°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °ÍÀÌ µÉ ¶§ ÃÖ¼±À» ´ÙÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ ½Ã°£Á¦ º¸´Ù´Â ÀÏÇÑ ¸¸Å­ µ·À» ¹Þ´Â µµ±ÞÁ¦ÀÏ ¶§ ´õ ¿­½ÉÈ÷ ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯´Ï »ÀºüÁö°Ô ÀÏÇÏ°íµµ ÇÑ Ç¬µµ ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ³ë¿¹ÀÇ ³ëµ¿Àº »ý»ê¼ºÀÌ ³·À» ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´õ±¸³ª ³ë¿¹À¯Áöºñ¿ëµµ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ºÎ´ãÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ ³ë¿¹ ´ë½Å Àӱݳ뵿ÀÚ¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¼öÀÍÀÌ ³ôÀ» ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÇ º»¼ºÀ» ²ç¶Õ¾î º¸´Â Adam SmithÀÇ Çü¾È¿¡ °¨ÅºÇÑ´Ù.

 

[ 2021-11-26, 10:20 ] Æ®À§ÅÍÆ®À§ÅÍ   ÆäÀ̽ººÏÆäÀ̽ººÏ   ³×À̹ö³×À̹ö
  • ±â»ç¸ñ·Ï
  • À̸ÞÀϺ¸³»±â
  • ÇÁ¸°Æ®Çϱâ
  • ÇÊÀÚÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±â»çº¸±â
¸ÇÀ§·Î

´ñ±Û ±Û¾²±â ÁÖÀÇ»çÇ×

   bestkorea     2021-11-26 ¿ÀÀü 10:46
Human nature is selfish.
This is not a matter of choice I think.
Only those who are deeply brainwashed by socialist ideas
think so.
That's why they are not only fools but a bad hearted.
I always appreciate your good advice.

Thanks. Have a great day.

¸ÇÀ§·Î¿ù°£Á¶¼±  |  Ãµ¿µ¿ìTV  |  Á¶¼±ÀϺ¸  |  ÅëÀÏÀϺ¸  |  ¹Ì·¡Çѱ¹  |  ¿ÃÀÎÄÚ¸®¾Æ  |  ´ºµ¥Àϸ®  |  ÀÚÀ¯¹ÎÁÖ¿¬±¸¿ø  |  À̽¸¸TV  |  À̱âÀÚÅë½Å  |  ÃÖº¸½ÄÀÇ ¾ð·Ð
  °³ÀÎÁ¤º¸Ãë±Þ¹æħ
À̸ÞÀÏ
¸ð¹ÙÀÏ ¹öÀü