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FREEDOM ±³¾ç¿µ¾î(125):Animal Farm-46

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It was just after the sheep had returned, on a pleasant evening when animals had finished work and were making their way back to the farm buildings, that the terrified neighing of a horse sounded from the yard. Startled, the animals stopped in their tracks. It was Clover's voice. She neighed again, and all the animals broke into a gallop and rushed into the yard. Then they saw what Clover had seen.


It was a pig walking on his hind pigs.


Yes, it was Squealer. A little awkwardly, as though not quite used to supporting his considerable bulk in that position, but with perfect balance, he was strolling across the yard. And a moment later, out from the door of the farmhouse came a long file of pigs, all walking on their hind legs. Some did it better than others, one or two were even a trifle unsteady and looked as though they would have liked the support of a stick, but every one of them made his way right round the yard successfully. And finally there was a tremendous baying of dogs and a shrill crowing from the black cockerel, and out came Napoleon himself, majestically upright, casting haughty glances from side to side, and with his dogs gambolling round him.


He carried a whip in his totter.


°Ì¸ÔÀº ¸»ÀÇ ¿ïÀ½¼Ò¸®°¡ ¶ã·ÎºÎÅÍ µé·Á¿Â °ÍÀº µ¿¹°µéÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ¸¶Ä¡°í ³ó°¡ °Ç¹°µé ÂÊÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿À°í ÀÖ´ø »óÄèÇÑ Àú³á ¹«·Æ, ¾çµéÀÌ µ¹¾Æ¿Â Á÷ÈÄ¿´´Ù. ±ô¦ ³î¶ó¼­, µ¿¹°µéÀÌ ±æ¿¡¼­ ¸ØÃç ¼¹´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº CloverÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®¿´´Ù. ±×³à´Â ´Ù½Ã ¿ïÀ½¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³»¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ ¸ðµç µ¿¹°µéÀÌ ´Þ¸®±â ½ÃÀÛÇؼ­ ¸¶´çÀ¸·Î µ¹ÁøÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× ´ÙÀ½ ±×µéÀº Clover°¡ º» °ÍÀ» º¸°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.


±×°ÍÀº µÞ´Ù¸®·Î ¼­¼­ °È°í ÀÖ´Â µÅÁö¿´´Ù.


±×·¡¿ä, ±×°ÍÀº Squealer¿´´Ù. ±×·± ÀÚ¼¼·Î À°ÁßÇÑ ¸öÀ» ÁöÅÊÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸Å¿ì Àͼ÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °Íó·³, ¾à°£ ¼­Åõ¸£°Ô, ±×·¯³ª ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ±ÕÇü ÀÖ°Ô, ±×´Â ¸¶´çÀ» °¡·ÎÁú·¯ ¾î½½··¾î½½·· °È°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àá½Ã µÚ¿¡ ³ó°¡ µÞ¹®À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðµÎ µÞ´Ù¸®·Î °ÉÀ¸¸é¼­ ±ä ÁÙÀÇ µÅÁöµéÀÌ ¿Ô´Ù. ¾î¶² µÅÁöµéÀº ´Ù¸¥ µÅÁöº¸´Ù ´õ Àß °É¾ú°í ÇѵΠ¸¶¸®´Â ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤Çؼ­ ÁöÆÎÀÌÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ º¸¿´Áö¸¸ ±×µé ¸ðµÎ´Â ¸¶´çÀ» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ¹ÙÄû µ¹¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î °³µéÀÌ ¾öû³ª°Ô Å©°Ô Áþ´Â ¼Ò¸®¿Í ¼öżµéÀÇ ³¯Ä«·Î¿î ¿ïÀ½¼Ò¸®°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯ÀÚ Napoleon ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ À§¾ö ÀÖ°Ô ¶È¹Ù·Î ¼­¼­, °Å¸¸ÇÑ ´«±æÀ» Á¿ì·Î ´øÁö¸é¼­, ÁÖº¯¿¡ ³¯¶Ù´Â °³µéÀ» µ¥¸®°í ³ª¿Ô´Ù.


±×´Â ¹ß±Á¿¡ äÂïÀ» µé°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.



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°æÁ¦»çÇÐÀÚ Gregory Clark´Â ±×ÀÇ ãæÊÊ(½Å°£) 'The Son Also Rises' (¾ÆµéÀº ¶Ç ´Ù½Ã ÀϾ´Ù)¿¡¼­ µ¿¼­°í±ÝÀÇ ¾î´À ³ª¶ó¿¡¼­µµ »çȸÀû À¯µ¿¼º(social mobility)Àº ³·¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ¿©±â¿¡ ´ëÇØ »çȸ°¡ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù°í Çß´Ù. Clark ±³¼ö´Â ¸é¹ÐÇÑ Á¶»ç¿Í ºÐ¼®À» ÅëÇØ °èÃþ À¯µ¿¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³«°üÀûÀÎ Æò°¡´Â ´ë´ÜÈ÷ À߸øµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °á·Ð¿¡ µµ´ÞÇß´Ù.


ÀϹݻç¶÷µéÀº ¹°·Ð ÇÐÀڵ鵵 »çȸ´Â °íµµ·Î À¯µ¿ÀûÀ̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. À¯»ê ¶Ç´Â »ó¼ÓÀç»êÀÇ »çȸÀû ÁöÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿µÇâÀº ºÏÀ¯·´ »çȸ¿¡¼­´Â °ÅÀÇ çÍ(¿µ)¿¡ °¡±î¿ì¸ç ºÏÀ¯·´º¸´Ù´Â »çȸÀû À¯µ¿¼ºÀÌ ÀûÀº ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­´Â 25%¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÏ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °üÂûÀº °Ü¿ì 2¼¼´ë ¶Ç´Â 3¼¼´ë ±â°£ÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ ÃßÀûÇÑ °á°úÀ̸ç ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿î¸í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÆíÇâµÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. °¡³­ÇÑ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡ ·Î¶Ç ´ç÷À¸·Î °©Àڱ⠺ÎÀÚ°¡ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ °¡¹®ÀÇ ±Í°øÀÚ°¡ °í¼öÀÔ Á÷Á¾º¸´Ù´Â ÚÝÜä(¹ÚºÀ)ÀÇ »çȸºÀ»çÁ÷À» ¼±ÅÃ, Æò¹üÇÏ°Ô »ì ¼öµµ Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. À¯µ¿¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áø½ÇÀ» ¾Ë±â À§Çؼ­´Â 2~3¼¼´ëÀÇ ´Ü±â°£ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ Àû¾îµµ ¼ö ¼¼±â¿¡ °ÉÃļ­ º¯È­ÀÇ õÏì¹(ÃßÀÌ)¸¦ °üÂûÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.


Clark ±³¼ö´Â ¼ö¹é ³â¿¡ °ÉÄ£ »çȸÀû ÁöÀ§¸¦ ÃßÀûÇÏ°íÀÚ °¡¹®ÀÇ àóä«(¼º¾¾¡¤family name)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â Á¶»ç¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇß´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ±×´Â 11¼¼±â ¿µ±¹ÀÇ Àª¸®¾ö¥°¼¼°¡ ¸¸µç ÅäÁöÁ¶»ç´ëÀå°ú ¿µ±¹ ¿Õ¸³ÇÐȸ ±â·Ï, ½ÉÁö¾î ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇÇÐÇùȸ ȸ¿øµî·Ï´ëÀå µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀڷḦ õÂøÇÏ¿© Áö¹èÃþ¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¼º¾¾¸¦ ã¾Æ³Â´Ù. ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ¼º¾¾µéÀÌ ±×µéÀÌ °¡Áø Ý£ÀÇ ¿¹Ãø·Â(wealth-predicting power¡¤Ãâ»ý°¡¹®¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¼öÀÔÀ̳ª ÇзÂÀ» ¿¹ÃøÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Èû)À» »ó½ÇÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾ó¸¶³ª °É¸®´ÂÁö ÃßÀûÇß´Ù. 

 

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